IMPROVING STUDENTS’ SPEAKING SKILL BY DOING SOME GAMES DURING THE LESSON AT SEVENTH GRADER OF SMPN 15 BOJONEGORO YEAR 2015/2016

IMPROVING STUDENTS’ SPEAKING SKILL BY DOING SOME GAMES DURING THE LESSON AT SEVENTH GRADER OF SMPN 15 BOJONEGORO YEAR 2015/2016

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Problem

It is known that English is an International language which has been received by countries all over the world. The function of it as a means of communication in meeting business or other activities among government over the world. Beside that English is used at science of knowledge, new invention  in field of modern technology.

As a developing country, Indonesia really needs English because Indonesia government is trying to improve all aspects which are usually faced by all countries. One of these aspects is education, which is essential. As an English teacher to be the writer focuses her attention to the teaching English as the language of the world.

In Indonesia, English is learnt and taught to junior high school, Senior high school even at university. English means that something important for the student to be taught at school based on situation and condition of the object area. But there are some problems that faced by the students. It is realized that most students get bad mark especially on speaking skill. So, it proves that English is really difficult for the students. There are four skills in learning English they are listening, speaking, reading, and writing. Speaking is very important because speaking and human being cannot be separated from each other. Speaking is used to express their ideas and to communicate to people in civilized world. That is way speaking is important. But the students of SMK or graduated of it still get hard to be a good speaker. The problems are:

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First, the students feel ashamed and afraid to speak English, so they never practice and use target language and use target language and they always use mother tongue in the classroom.

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Second, for the teacher, they did not use variety of teaching such as visual aids. The teacher has to motivate the students to learn English in the class, and create the method of teaching. So the students will feel relaxed, and freely in using English in the classroom. The teacher must make afford to understand the material well. In learning English, The students are expected to reach four skills. Among those, speaking is the most difficult to master.

Teaching speaking can be done through dialogues, picture, games, etc. The teacher should choose a suitable ways such as: using games. If the teacher uses it, the students the students will have a lot of opportunity to practice pronunciation and communication or in other words it means that the students will get knowledge or input from games.

Focus of the Study

Based on the background of the study above, this study is limited to find out how to improving students’ speaking skill by doing some games during the lesson. The subject of the study is the seventh graders of smpn 15 Bojonegoro year 2015/2016.

Statement of the Problem

                   Based on the background above, the problem can be formulated as follows:

·         “How can game during the lesson improve the students’ speaking skill at the seventh graders of smpn 15 bojonegoro in the school year 2015/2016?’’

Purpose of the Study

This study is aimed at finding out the role of game in improving students’ speaking skill for the seventh graders of smpn 15 Bojonegoro year 2015/2016.

CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Speaking Skill

In this chapter will discuss about the the meaning of speaking, the function of speaking, the aspect of speaking skill.

The Nature of Speaking Skill

Brown (in Islamiyah, 2007, p. 14) states that speaking is a productive skill that can be directly and empirically observed, those observations are invariably collared by the accuracy and fluency. While, he also states that speaking is the product of creative construction of linguistic strings, the speakers make choices of lexicon, structure, and discourse.

Poerdarminta (in Islamiyah, 2007, p. 14) states that the classical meaning of speaking is the ability to talk, and to speak. The main purpose of speaking is to send the message for the other one or to be able to communicate about something in language and understood by someone who becomes a listener.

Tarigan (in Islamiyah, 2007, p. 14) states that speaking is one of the language skills in oral form to express the speakers’ ideas to everybody else. While, speaking is the informal interchange of thought and information by spoken words.

The Meaning of Speaking Skill

Speaking ability consists of two words are speaking and ability. To avoid misunderstanding about the meaning of speaking ability, it will clarify one by one. According to Poerwadarminta (1985, p. 109). It is also stated by Hornby (1990, p. 51) that ability’s potential capacity of power to do something physically or mentally. Those description may concluded that ability is capability of human which identical with ability. According to Djiwandono (in Munir, 2005, p. 16) speaking is the activity to express thought and feeling orally.

Speaking is an articulation of sound to express thought. Tarigan (1990, p.15), says that speaking is the capability in pronouncing sound or word to express or convey though, idea or feeling” opinion and wish. Another expert says that speaking is talk or speaks (Haryanto in Sunardi, 2004, p. 13). If both speaking and ability are combined, so it means a capability to utter the articulation of sound to express or to deliver thought, opinion and wish to the other person.

The Function of Speaking Skill

Brown and Yule in Fauzi (2012, p. 4) also describe a useful distinction between two basic language function. These are the transactional function, which is primarily concerned with the transfer of information, and the interactional function, in which the primary purpose of speech is the maintenance of social relationship.

Another basic distinction when considering the development of speaking ability is between monologue and dialogue. They ability to give an uninterrupted oral presentation is very clear from interacting one people and another speakers for transactional and intersectional purpose, while, all native speakers can and do use language interaction, not all native speaker have the ability to be extempore on a given subject to group of listeners. Furthermore, Brown and Yule in Fauzi (2012, p. 4) suggest that most language teaching is concerned with developing skills in short intersectional exchanges in which the learner is only required to make one or two utterance at a time.

Based on the above statement, Bygate in Fauzi (2012, p. 5) distinguishes that “between motor-perceptive skill, which are concerned with correctly using the sound and structures of language, and interactional skill, which involves motor perceptive skill for the purpose of communication” motor perceptive skill are developed in the language classroom through activities such as model dialogues, patterns practice, oral drills and so on, until relatively recently, it was assumed that the mastery of motor perceptive skill was that needed all one, in order to communicated successfully.

The Aspect of Speaking Skill

Darmodihardjo in Fauzi (2012, p. 7) states about the aspects of speaking that is “the requirements of effective speaking such as: intonation, phonetic transcription and environment expression”

The opinion above describes that, to able communicate effectively, it must be considered that situation of sound utterance, pronunciation and physical. On the other hand, Valetto in Fauzi (2012, p. 7) says that “The elements which are in speaking cover phonetic transcription, grammar, vocabulary, the effective and speaking”

Meanwhile, Haris in Fauzi (2012, p. 7) clarifies as follows:

“Like writing speaking is complex skill requiring the simultaneous use of number of the different abilities which often developed of different rates either four of five components are generally recognized in analyze of the speak process: (a) pronunciation concluding the segmental features vowel, and consonants, vocabulary, stress and intonation pattern the flow speech, (b) grammar, (c) vocabulary, (d) fluency (the case and speed of the flow speech). The solve probably be added, (e) comprehension for oral communication certainly requires a subject the response to speak as well as imitation.

Based on the statement above, it can be concluded that the aspects of the speaking ability in this research are: (a) pronunciation competence, (b) grammatical ability, (c) vocabulary mastery, (d) the fluently of speaking, and (e) the understanding of the topic of speaking.

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