Cultural belief

In the history of indonesia. Reog is a kind of two-headed animals. Some people will be scared if you see the head of the reog. But residents believe that the dance reog ponorogo will bring blessing. Like to invite the rain, fertilize crops, and other goodness.

In bali. Barong also looks very meneramkan for outsiders bali. However, bali barong is a hero who is able to cast out evil spirits. Barong is the submission of the god vishnu to expel natural disasters, social disaster, disaster public unrest.

Two examples of these cultural beliefs are examples of cultural beliefs indonesia, western cultures also have a lot of variety.

The aim of courses in the Culture and Belief category is to develop an understanding of and appreciation for the ways that social, political, religious, economic, and historical conditions shape the production and reception of ideas and works of art, either within or across cultural boundaries. Students in these courses examine how cultures and beliefs affect the identities of individuals and communities. Courses in this category draw connections between the material covered in the course and cultural issues of current concern or interest.

Another example of cultural beliefs, Asians/Pacific Islanders are a large ethnic group in the United States. There are several important cultural beliefs among Asians and Pacific Islanders that nurses should be aware of. The extended family has significant influence, and the oldest male in the family is often the decision maker and spokesperson. The interests and honor of the family are more important than those of individual family members. Older family members are respected, and their authority is often unquestioned. Among Asian cultures, maintaining harmony is an important value; therefore, there is a strong emphasis on avoiding conflict and direct confrontation. Due to respect for authority, disagreement with the recommendations of health care professionals is avoided. However, lack of disagreement does not indicate that the patient and family agree with or will follow treatment recommendations. Among Chinese patients, because the behavior of the individual reflects on the family, mental illness or any behavior that indicates lack of self-control may produce shame and guilt. As a result, Chinese patients may be reluctant to discuss symptoms of mental illness or depression.

Some sub-populations of cultures, such as those from India and Pakistan, are reluctant to accept a diagnosis of severe emotional illness or mental retardation because it severely reduces the chances of other members of the family getting married. In Vietnamese culture, mystical beliefs explain physical and mental illness. Health is viewed as the result of a harmonious balance between the poles of hot and cold that govern bodily functions. Vietnamese don’t readily accept Western mental health counseling and interventions, particularly when self-disclosure is expected. However, it is possible to accept assistance if trust has been gained.

Russian immigrants frequently view U.S. medical care with a degree of mistrust. The Russian experience with medical practitioners has been an authoritarian relationship in which free exchange of information and open discussion was not usual. As a result, many Russian patients find it difficult to question a physician and to talk openly about medical concerns. Patients expect a paternalistic approach-the competent health care professional does not ask patients what they want to do, but tells them what to do. This reliance on physician expertise undermines a patient’s motivation to learn more about self-care and preventive health behaviors.

Although Hispanics share a strong heritage that includes family and religion, each subgroup of the Hispanic population has distinct cultural beliefs and customs. Older family members and other relatives are respected and are often consulted on important matters involving health and illness. Fatalistic views are shared by many Hispanic patients who view illness as God’s will or divine punishment brought about by previous or current sinful behavior. Hispanic patients may prefer to use home remedies and may consult a folk healer, known as a curandero.

Many African-Americans participate in a culture that centers on the importance of family and church. There are extended kinship bonds with grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins, or individuals who are not biologically related but who play an important role in the family system. Usually, a key family member is consulted for important health-related decisions. The church is an important support system for many African-Americans.

Cultural aspects common to Native Americans usually include being oriented in the present and valuing cooperation. Native Americans also place great value on family and spiritual beliefs. They believe that a state of health exists when a person lives in total harmony with nature. Illness is viewed not as an alteration in a person’s physiological state, but as an imbalance between the ill person and natural or supernatural forces. Native Americans may use a medicine man or woman, known as a shaman.

As can be seen, each ethnic group brings its own perspectives and values to the health care system, and many health care beliefs and health practices differ from those of the traditional American health care culture. Unfortunately, the expectation of many health care professionals has been that patients will conform to mainstream values. Such expectations have frequently created barriers to care that have been compounded by differences in language and education between patients and providers from different backgrounds.

Cultural differences affect patients’ attitudes about medical care and their ability to understand, manage, and cope with the course of an illness, the meaning of a diagnosis, and the consequences of medical treatment. Patients and their families bring culture specific ideas and values related to concepts of health and illness, reporting of symptoms, expectations for how health care will be delivered, and beliefs concerning medication and treatments. In addition, culture specific values influence patient roles and expectations, how much information about illness and treatment is desired, how death and dying will be managed, bereavement patterns, gender and family roles, and processes for decision making.

               

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Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat

Pada umumnya pengabdian pada masyarakat adalah suatu kewajiban mahasiswa sebagaimana tercantum dalam tri dharma perguruan tinggi. Namun sering kita ketahui bahwa kegiatan yang dikampus saya disebut dengan KKM, merupakan sebuah pengabdian pada masyarakat. Bagi saya KKM bukan merupakan salah satu kewajiban kita atas tri dharma perguruan tunggi pengabdian pada masyarakat.

Dengan analogi seperti berikut:

1. Pengabdian pada masyarakat yang murni adalah gerakan dari hati nurani pribadi yang tidak membebani individu.
2. Transkrip nilai dari KKM merupakan target pencapaian dari mahasiswa. Maka, mahasiswa belum tentu murni melakukan pengabdian pada masyarakat. Karena masih terikat dengan kewajiban kampus. Dan sudah dapat dipastikan, sebagian mahasiswa mau melakukan KKM karena mereka tertuntut untuk mengisi transkrip nilai.
3. Mahasiswa yang memiliki inisiatif tinggi dalam menjalani kewajiban dalam pengabdian pada masyarakat adalah mahasiswa yang sadar akan tugas, pokok, dan fungsi dari mahasiswa itu sendiri.

Mahasiswa memiliki pola pikir yang berbeda. Pola pikir mahasiswa terbentuk ketika SDM lingkungan mendukung pola perkembangan mahasiswa itu sendiri. Lingkungan mahasiswa di kota besar sangatlah berbeda jauh dengan lingkungan mahasiswa di kota yang sederhana. Di kota besar atmosfer persaingan antar mahasiswa sangatlah ketat. Dibanding dengan atmosfer persaingan di kota sederhana, mahasiswa di kota besar lebih memiliki kesempatan yang melimpah untuk berproses di dalam maupun di luar kampus. Terkadang mahasiswa di kota sederhana kurang dapat memanfaatkan fasilitas-fasilitas dan keadaan-keadaan yang seharusnya mampu dimanfaatkan oleh seorang yang memiliki status mahasiswa.

Pengabdian pada masyarakat harusnya dilandasi dengan keinginan murni dari diri sendiri tanpa latar belakang mendapat nilai, pujian dan kepentingan-kepentingan di balik langkah pengabdian.

Pengabdian kepada masyarakat merupakan bentuk kegiatan yang di tujukan kepada masyarakat agar dapat memperbaiki kehidupan dan pola pikir yang lebih baik dalam bentuk material maupun non materil. Disamping itu bertujuan membina dosen, juga membina mahasiswa agar mampu menguasai ilmu pengetahuan, teknologi dan seni serta berjiwa penuh pengabdian dan memiliki rasa tanggung jawab yang besar terhadap masa depan bangsa dan negara dalam rangka pelaksanaan Tri Darma Perguruan Tinggi.

Pengabdian kepada masyarakat merupakan pelaksanaan pengamalan ilmu pengetahuan, teknologi dan seni budaya langsung pada masyarakat secara kelembagaan melalui metodologi ilmiah sebagai penyebaran Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi serta tanggung jawab yang luhur dalam usaha mengembangkan kemampuan masyarakat, sehingga dapat mempercepat laju pertumbuhan tercapainya tujuan pembangunan nasional.

Tujuan yang hendak dicapai melalui kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat adalah sebagai berikut:

1. Bertambahnya kecepatan proses peningkatan kemampuan sumber daya manusia sesuai dengan laju pertumbuhan pembangunan.
2. Bertambahnya kecepatan upaya pengembangan masyarakat ke arah terbinanya masyarakat yang harmonis serta dinamis yang siap menempuh perubahan-perubahan menuju perbaikan dan kemajuan sesuai dengan nilai-nilai sosial budaya dan norma-norma dalam kehidupan masyarakat berkembang dalam kehidupan masyarakat yang berlaku.
3. Bertambahnya kecepatan usaha pembinaan institusi dan profesi masyarakat sesuai dengan laju pertumbuhan proses modernisasi dalam kehidupan masyarakat itu sendiri.
4. Untuk memperoleh umpan balik dan masukan bagi fakultas dalam rangka meningkatkan relevansi pendidikan, diperlukan adanya ahli-ahli yang memiliki kemampuan secara interdisipliner dan multidisipliner.

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